He Baozhen

He Baozhen (also known as Baozhen and Baizhen; April 1902 – Autumn 1934), was Liu Shaoqi's second wife. In April 1923, He Baozhen married Liu Shaoqi. At that time, she was a teacher at the Anyuan Railway Workers' Club Junior School and a member of the Workers' Club's Newspaper and Reading Department. She joined the Chinese Socialist Youth League in 1922 and later became a member of the Chinese Communist Party. Throughout her life, He Baozhen was resilient and fearless, enduring the pain of sending her children into others' care three times. In the winter of 1932, after parting ways with Liu Shaoqi, she went to Shanghai to work with her son Liu Yunruo. Soon after, she was captured and imprisoned, and in 1934, she sacrificed her life at Yuhuatai in Nanjing. Liu Shaoqi praised her as "brave and resolute, an outstanding female Party member." In 1945, Liu Shaoqi wrote a biography of her, recounting her revolutionary experience: He Baozhen was from Daoxian County, Hunan Province, and studied at the Hunan Hengzhou No. 3 Girls' Normal School. In 1922, she was expelled for opposing the school authorities' student movement, then joined the Socialist Youth League and later became a member of the Chinese Communist Party. In 1923, she taught at a workers' school established by the Angyuan Railway Mine Workers' Union and married Liu Shaoqi. Together, they participated in Party work in Changsha, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wuhan, Tianjin, Manchuria, and other areas, as well as in union activities and women's mass movements. They had two sons and a daughter. In 1933, she was arrested by the Kuomintang gendarmerie in Shanghai, sentenced to fifteen years, and sent to Nanjing's First Prison for execution. Due to her contact with underground Party organizations outside prison, she was discovered and executed by firing squad the following year. He Baozhen's children include the eldest son Liu Yunbin, the second son Liu Yunruo, and daughter Liu Aiqin. In 1949, Liu Shaoqi brought Liu Aiqin, who had graduated from a Soviet technical school, back to China.