Impératrice Li Qinduan

Empress Xiaoqin Jingshu Cijing Tianzhao Yubao Kang Shengduan Lu Shi, her birth and death years are unknown. She was born in Daxing and died in 1619. She was the primary wife of Zhu Changying and the biological mother of Zhu Changying, the proper mother of the Ming Dynasty's Southern Ming Yongli Emperor. In the 47th year of Wanli (1619), in July, Zhu Changying bestowed upon Lady Lu the title of Princess Guo; however, she passed away in August of the same year. After the Yongli Emperor ascended the throne, he posthumously honored Lady Lu as Empress, with the full title: Empress Xiaoqin Jingshu Cijing Tianzhao Yubao Kang Shengduan.