Empress Chang

Respectful and Virtuous Crown Princess Consort Chang Shi (birth and death dates unknown, approximately 14th century—1378), was the daughter of Prince of Kaiping Chang Yuchun and a consort of the first Ming Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang's primary spouse Zhu Biao. In August 1371, Zhu Yuanzhang selected Chang Shi as Crown Princess due to her father's connections. In 1374, Chang Shi gave birth to her eldest son, Zhu Xiongying, who later became Zhu Biao's firstborn. In November 1378, she gave birth to her second son, Zhu Yunzheng, and passed away in the same month, possibly due to childbirth complications. After her death, Zhu Yuanzhang decreed a three-day mourning and posthumously awarded her the title "Filial and Healthy Empress." In 1403, Emperor Ming Chengzu Zhu Di restored her posthumous title to "Respectful and Virtuous Crown Princess Consort." During the first year of the Jianwen era (1399), Zhu Yunwen posthumously honored Chang Shi as "Filial and Healthy Empress." Her exact birth and death years are not recorded, and specific details about her life remain unclear.