Sir Thomas Pelham, 1st Baronet

Sir Thomas Pelham, 1st Baronet (died 2 December 1624), was an English politician and landowner. He was the youngest son of Sir Nicholas Pelham of Laughton, East Sussex, and his wife Anne Sackville. Through his mother's lineage, he was a first cousin of Anne Boleyn.

Pelham received his early education at Lewes Grammar School in 1557. He furthered his studies at Queens' College, Cambridge, beginning in 1561, and pursued legal studies at the Inns of Court in 1566.

In 1585, Pelham succeeded his nephew Oliver Pelham as the owner of the estate at Laughton. His political career included being elected as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Lewes in 1584 and for Sussex in 1586. He served as a Justice of the Peace for Sussex starting around 1583. Additionally, he held the office of High Sheriff of Surrey and Sussex during the term 1589–1590.

Pelham was appointed deputy-lieutenant of Sussex in 1601. In 1611, he was created a baronet, becoming Sir Thomas Pelham, 1st Baronet.

He married Mary Walsingham, the daughter of Sir Thomas Walsingham of Chislehurst, Kent. The marriage produced at least two children: a son, Thomas Pelham, who succeeded his father as the 2nd Baronet in 1624, and a daughter, Judith Pelham, who married Henry Carey, 1st Earl of Dover.

Sir Thomas Pelham died on 2 December 1624.